krantz



H. F. KRANTZ.

ELECTRIC SWITCH. APPLICATION men MAR. 13. ms.

Patented June 10, 1919. 3 SHEETSSHEET I.

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wur w aowz H. F. KRANTZ. ELECTRIC swircn.

M'PLICATlON FILED MAR 13. l9|5- 1,306,340. Patented June 10, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- Fig.2;

- H. F. KRANTZ.

ELECTRIC-SWITCH. I 4 APPUCATION FILED MAR\3119I5| 1,306,340. Patented June 10, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

will rue/00%: 5 nwm/boz UNITED sTA ns PATENT OFFICE.

fioanar r. KalN'rz, or BROOKLYN, NEW roan, ASSIGNOB. some. MANUFACTUR- me comremr, me, or BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ACORPORATION or new YORK.

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Specification or Letters iatent. Patented June 10, 1919.

Application filed Ketch 13, 1915. Serial No. 1!,131. i

To all whom it mayconcem: Be it known that I, HUBERTF. KRAN'PZ,

a citizen of the United-States, and residing.

at Brooklyn, in'the county of Kings and State *OfNeW -York, have invented a new a and Improved Electric Switch, of which the following specification is a full disclosure.

This 'lIlYGIllSlOll deals with an improved.

electricals witch of the quick-break type and it proposes a quick-acting operating mechanism 'which-may be actuated manually and which is peculiarly well constituted to be combined with cooperative automatic means to-create aself-contained quick-break switch of the fautomatic type.

A primary purpose of this-invention is to render available a switch mechanism characterize'd by an increased simplicity and'a;

greater ruggedness, by a pronounced celer-fiity and a wide range of travel in its contactbreaking movement, by the firmness with which the contact elements are maintained together, by its positive avoidance of any in-. complete or partial separation of the con- .tacts,'and b the smooth action and ease with which-t I e ther manually or automatically.- -It also contemplates a double throw arrangement 1 such that the switch-blade may be shifted abruptly from a locked firm bearing against one contact into a similarly locked firm bearmg against another contact.

This invention, from a more specific aspect, seeks to create an automatic quickreaking switch characterized by certainty in all of its movements, by the use of means forefi'ecting a quick-break and by the use of electrical force for closing the contacts and for inaugurating the application of 'said means.

Other objects will be in' part obviousfrom the annexed drawings and in part indicated in connection therewith by the following analysis of this invention. f Q

This invention accordingly consist in the features of construction, combinations of parts, and in the unique relations of the members and in the relative proportionings e mechanism may be operated,

Fig. 3 is a section through line 33 of Fig. Fig. 4 is a section through line H of 1g.

ventionl Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof.

Referring tothedrawings, l indicates a base or board on which the apparatus is mounted and 2 indicates astandard or bracket, which in this instance is a stationary pgrt, onwhich is movably mounted the mem' r supporting the switch blade. In

the illustrated embodiment, this movable mounting is of the pivoted type. Specifically, this member is'made up of clamping plates 3 and-4 which are'secured to a rock shaft 5 pivoted to the standard 2 at one end and to a part 5 at its other end. This rocking member in turncarries one or more brushesor connecting blades; in this instance eight blades, B, B, B B, C, C, C C are positioned onthe rockin member A so as to be moved thereby. Preferably, these blades are of laminated construction, being formed of an outer comparatively stiff strip of copper 6, an .intervening series of thin copper sheets 7, and another outer stifi strip 8 which preferably is somewhat elongated and terminates in an enlar ement or-- bead 9 adapted to resist the are produced at the instant of separation. These brushes are re silient and are arranged to have their ends beveled, as shownby Fig? 1, so that they may'establish contact endwisewith terminals 1'0, 11, 12 and 13, forming contact pieces 1 for any desired electric circult or circuits.

The position of the member A willdetermine the electrical efi'ect of the brushes and this position is in turn controlled by an instrumentality embodying toggle mechanism,

- as-will now be described.

A fixed or stationary pivot a is provided by the support 5 and'to this pivot or stud a is" secured the link I of a toggle, preferably of the first order. This link or leg has at its free end a pivot pinc which constitutes what may betermed the floating pivot of thetoggle. The other link of the toggle is indicated by'd and this is what may be termed the floating link of the toggle. "This link a in turn carries a pivot pin e whichdetermines the position of the brushes. That 1s to say,

by suitable mechanical connections, the

movement of the pivot pin 6 produces corresponding movements in the brushes, and in this instance this is readily obtained by extending thearm h from the rock shaft so I as to locate the axis of the pivot e in ofi'set relation to the axis of the rockshaft 5. These respective pivots are preferably .10-

brushes against their respective contacts and maintain them in' that position. The man'-.

nor in which the toggle is broken will, perhaps, be best understood by agamreferrmg to Fig. 3, taking special notice of the righthand side of the apparatus showing theseccated about as indicated by Fig. 3 so thatwhen the toggle "isbroken,'- as shown, the

parts are in position such that the legh may swing over to the other side of its center line when the toggle b d is closed. Now, ifthis toggle be straightened until the pivots a, c and e are in the same straight line, then will the brushes B and B be moved against the contacts 13 and 11 respectively to such an extent that they will be-sli'ghtly bent, there byobtainin a very positive electrical oontact throug out a relatively extensive area i stantly to break contact and it has the further pronounced advantage that the more strongly the brushes tend to springcontact,

A the more tightly will the toggle be held against collapsing. The reaction of the brushes thus has the two-fold purpose of establishing a thorough electrical connection and of holding the toggle or a part connected therewith against the stop portion that prevents its overthrow.

The means for closing or straightening the above mentioned toggle will now be described. This meansin this instance is of the automatically acting type and it embodies a solenoid D having wires 14 and 15 by which it may be energized so that its armature E may be drawn upward forcibly.

. The lower end of this armature is connected pin 17 and has a;

with the pivot in c by means of a link 16 which is pivoted. to the armature E by the slot .18 receiving the pivot pm 0. Now, when the ma gized, the link 16 is uplifte and the pin c is impacted by the lower end of the slot 18 and (when the opposite toggle is first released as will be described) the floating pivot -0 of the toggle is drawn upwardl very rap idly by reason of the strong pullbf the sole-- no1d,'(although it may go slowly in asingle acting switch) until it passes the centerline of theto gleand takes its position somewhat at one si e thereof so as to press and flex the I the e rocker F under the. impulse of the 'pin kaisto cause the foot n to impact the pin c'. and

0nd toggle. This toggle need'not be more fully described sinceit is in all respects a duplicate of that already discussed similar parts being referred to by charactemra, b,

c, and d.' It will be obvidis'that' when the one toggle is closedandthe other is broken it will .be necessary to break-the first before the-second can be closed. This is accomplished by a toggle 'breaker. F which here is in the nature of a rocker pivotedto the pin 2 and symmetrically constructed so as to be capable of. alternately coming into action to break first the one andthen .-the

other toggle. This rocker is actuated by the link 16 .beforethe lower end of-the slot 18 therein .becomes effective against thev pivot"- pin c. This is done by providing the link 16 with a pin 70, ,which during the uprise of the link 16 may impact against the abutment slightly before the lower end of the slot 18 impacts the'pin c.

Now, this rocker F also provides a foot or extension n which normally overlies the floatiiiiig ect of this initial swinging of the break the toggle. Shortly after the toggle is thus broken by the impact of the foot n, the link 16. becomes effective on the pin a and it now acts to straighten the first toggle. By reason of the fact that the other tcifggle has been broken, it is absolutely ine ective to resist the swing of the arm h and. consequently the movements will take place with all the celerity of a spring action by reason of the instantaneous and. maintained exertion of the magnet D. The action is very abrupt and stron the switch blades are thrown elther to one side or the other, they are definitely locked in their contactingpositions by a locking action of the toggle,

The closing of the other toggle is efi'ected by means of a second solenoid G acting on- 18 the armature H and positioning the lin et D is ener-- in a manner similar to that above described. This invention thus creates a duplex automatic s witch mechanism adapted to establish aneIectrical connection first between one set er-a mi s and then between another set of terminals. ,4 It ispbvious that these terminals may be arranged in any relation and may be used to controlother electrical instrumentalities, depending upon the use to which it is desired to put the switch. The energizin -or exciting currentfirst actuates one and then the other of the solenoids.

and when' 9o we provided by the rocker F and tilt it on pivo't c of the other toggle so that Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the glst of this invention that others can by app ying current knowledge readily adapt it for various applications without omitting certain features that, from the standpoint of the'prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the ge neric or specific aspects of this invention,

' and therefore such adaptations shoaiklldand are intended to be comprehended wi in the meaning and range of equivalencfofthe following claims.

Having thus revealed this invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations of elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States 1.. An electric switch combining a switch;

two alternately acting electro-magnetic devices; and a toggle system intervening between said switch and said devices for enabling the same to act alternately in shifting the position of said switch to close first one circuit and then another, the switch betem including two to gles arranged one at ing' pivotally mounte%, and the toggle sys-- each side of the pivo al axis of the switch and being connected with the switch in op"- posing relation.

2. An electric switch combining a Contact device; electromagneticmeans for actuating said device to cause it toopen an electric circuit; two pivoted links constituting a toggle adapted in unbroken position to opposesaid electromagnetic means to hold said device in its closed-circuit position; and means for breaking said toggle.

3. An electric switch combining a part pivoted about a given .axis; a contact element movable bysaid part; two pivoted.

links constituting a toggle having one leg bearing on said part at one side of said axis;

electro-magnetic means for making said'toggle; a member blocking a movement'of said toggle materially beyond one side of its centerline so as to determine the made position of the toggle, and means wherebysa'd member may be caused to break the togg e.

4. An electric switch combining a contact; a movable part; a blade movable by said part and adapted in an advanced position thereof to close a circuit through said contact; electrosmagnetic means, connections be tween said part and said electro-magnetic means for urging said part into a retracted position; and two pivoted links constituting a'toggle coacting when unbroken to maintain said part in its advanced position, said toggle being adapted to collapse when broken in a given direction to permit said.

electro-magnctic means to move said part abruptly into a retracted position.

5. An electric switch combining two contacts; a conducting blade; a part movable into an advanced position to cause said blade tacts.

to establish'a connection between said con tacts; two pivoted links constitntinga tog gle adapted when unbroken to maintain said part in its advanced position; and electromagnetic means, connections between said partand said electro-magnetic means where- 4 byto render said-electro-magnetic means effective at the. breakinglof said toggle for' abruptly causing said ade to be disconnected simultaneously fromeachof sald con;

6. An electricswitch combining afrotarypart; a" switch blade radiating from said. part; a first and a second contact; a toggle operatively connected with said part at one side of the axis thereofiand adapted when unbroken to maintain said blade aga1nstsaid first contact; means for breaking said toggle; and electro -magnetic fmeansfor collapsing said broken to gle and turning said part to separatethe saidblade from said. v first contact and close it on saidsecond contact.

.7. An electric switch combining a pivoted 'part;'two contacts arranged in opposition at the opposite sides of the axis of said part; a resilient switch blade extending transversely .to sa'id'axis and adapted to hear at its opposite ends against said contactsfa toggle connected with said part,

.said toggle being of a character movable froma made or dead-center positionto a broken position andbeing adapted when made to hold said blade tightly pressed against said contacts; and elect-ro- 1 magnetic means for urging said part against said toggle whereby upon breaking said tog-' ing a pair of toggles; contact mechanism positioned thereby; a toggle operating 'means, and means automatically operable to break one toggle coincident withthe making of the other.

. 10. Amelect'ric switch combining a blade pivotally mounted to swing into on and ofi" positions, a pair of toggles arranged -1n; opposing relation and being connected with the blade at a point removed from the pivotal axis of the blade, a first electro magnet for operating one toggle, and a second electro-magnet for operating the second toggle.

11..An elect ric switch combining a first and asecojn'd contact, :a" switch blade movable to makeengagement with said contacts] selectively at will, a' pair of' toggles arranged i opposing [relation at opposite, v sides of said switch blade, means to make tone of said toggles. and thereby to cause the switch bladeto engage one contact, and means to break the first toggle andfmake :thesecond toggle to thereby cause the switch blade toengage the second contact.

12, "electric switch combining a pair of contacts'gjs'paced apart, a switch blade mo'v -'able-to close electric engagement with said fcontacts selectively at :will, and meansfor actuating said switch blade comprising a pair of toggles connected with the switch blade in opposing relation, said toggles each beingoffa character to begf d and broken and being connected :with; the

'switchblade so that the making of one necessitates-the breaking ofithe other, and means to control the making and j .breaking of said toggles. Y

movable to close electric engagement with said contacts selectively at will," and means i 13. An electric switch combining pang of contacts-spaced apart, a switch blade re-;.

' for actuating said switch bladecomprisingig' 'being switch blade so that the making of one necessitates the breaking of the other, in-- dependent means to operate said toggles,

t 1d a member extending. between said togles efi'ective to insure the breaking of" one coincident with the making of the depict-d! this patent may obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

14 switch mechanism comprising av' energy in the switch blade tending to 'move" the switch blade in a direction awayfrom the contact, a second toggle having means operable to supplement said stored energyfor moving the switch blade away from said contact, and connections whereby an opera tion of the second toggle will break the first toggle. u a

I 15. A switch mechanism comprising a switch blade, a'contact into and out}? engagement with which. the switch blade is adapted to move, and means for actuating the switch blade, said means comprisinga pair of toggles connected with the switch blade in opposing relation, "said toggles each being of a character to be made and broken and being connected with the switch blade so that the making of one necessitates the breaking of the other to permit the first to hold the switch blade against said contact and so that theunaking of the second necessitates the-breaking of thefirst to enable the second to hold the switch blade away from said contact,

and operating means for said toggles.

In witness whereof I hereunto subscribe my name asattested byc the two subscribing w1tnesses. l

HUBERT F. KR-ANTZ.

Witnesses:

J. A. NEWTON,

J. L. KOLB.

' Washington, D. .0. 

